In 1927, for Jeanne Dubost (daughter of banker André Bénard, who commissioned Hector Guimard's Art Nouveau Paris Métro entrance designs), who hosted a salon in her Paris home, ten composers who frequented her salon at the time—Ravel, Pierre-Octave Ferroud, Jacques Ibert, Alexis Roland-Manuel, Marcel Delannoy, Roussel, Milhaud, Poulenc, Auric, and Florent Schmitt (the order of the pieces contributed by each composer is the same as this list)—each contributed one piece, dedicating them to her as the ballet L'Éventail de Jeanne (Jeanne's Fan).

The premiere, held at Dubost's salon on June 16, 1927, featured costumes designed by her close friend Marie Laurencin and was conducted by Roger Désormière, who was active with the Ballets Russes (the public premiere took place on March 4, 1929, at the Paris Opéra).

Auric's "Rondeau", the ninth piece, consists of a refrain (main theme) in 5/8 time and three couplets (secondary themes). In the final couplet, in 3/4 time, the tempo slightly slows, becoming a gentle waltz. The piano reduction, published concurrently with the orchestral score, is divided into either solo or four-hand arrangements depending on the piece, but "Rondeau" is for solo piano.