Rachmaninoff left two piano sonatas. In contrast to Sonata No. 2 in B-flat minor, Op. 36, which has been performed relatively more often in recent years, Sonata No. 1 in D minor, Op. 28, is performed very rarely. Its performance requires approximately 40 minutes. The reasons why this piece tends to be avoided include its complexity and length, which make it difficult to grasp its overall structure, as well as its high technical difficulty. However, when these challenges are overcome by a master pianist, what emerges is a magnificent and brilliant masterpiece. It was composed between 1906 and 1907, and its premiere took place in Moscow in 1908, performed by his friend Konstantin Igumnov.

This work was composed with Goethe's drama Faust in mind and is also known as the "Faust Sonata." Originally, the first to third movements were titled "Faust," "Gretchen," and "Mephistopheles," respectively, with a recurring theme appearing cyclically in each movement. These titles were removed upon publication.

First Movement: Allegro Moderato. It begins with a short but impressive introduction. Following a brief first theme in meno mosso, sixteenth notes vigorously ascend and descend in allegro, after which the music returns to the original tempo. The theme gradually develops, gaining a richer sound. The second theme is played richly in B-flat major, in octaves and unison.

Second Movement: Lento. The melody is sung leisurely, weaving through wave-like movements of triplets. In the middle section, the intensity gradually increases, leading to a climax. After a cadenza, the opening atmosphere is restored. In the coda, trills are incorporated decoratively, creating beautiful sonic effects.

Third Movement: Allegro Molto. It presents an impressive opening with powerful and rich sounds. It is highly complex and demands advanced technique for performance. Various themes appear, making it an attractive piece with diverse facets, including bold power, a mystical atmosphere, rhythmic interest, and melodic lyricism.