Dedicated to his pupil, Miss Caroline Hartmann. This work was commenced by Chopin in his early twenties, shortly after his arrival in Paris, and simultaneously stands as his last completed rondo.

Compared to other works from this period, it is relatively large in scale, featuring an introduction spanning 51 measures. This introduction begins in Andante, 4/4 time. Furthermore, this opening section is written in C minor, the relative minor to the work's main key of E-flat major. Subsequently, within this introduction, the tempo and character already shift, progressing from Agitato to Più mosso. For this reason, the work is sometimes referred to as "Introduction and Rondo." The rondo theme is presented four times in the main section, followed by a coda. This rondo theme, in Allegro vivace, 2/4 time, possesses the character of a Krakowiak. The Krakowiak is a Polish folk dance in 2/4 time from the Kraków region, a type of round dance characterized by light sideways jumps.

Throughout this work, stylistic elements reminiscent of Liszt, whom Chopin befriended around this time, can be observed.