Austrian pianist and teacher. From 1915 to 1920, he studied piano with Franz Schmidt, music theory and composition with Joseph Marx, and conducting with Fernando Löwe at the Vienna Conservatory. He also studied law and musicology at the University of Vienna. In 1923, as a concert pianist, he toured Europe, Asia, America, and North Africa. As a piano teacher, he taught at institutions such as the Vienna Conservatory (1922–32, 1939–45), the Mannheim University of Music and Performing Arts (1934–36), the Salzburg Mozarteum (1948–51), and the Mannheim University of Music and Performing Arts (1952–58).