• Composition: 1826
• Publication: Published in 1826 as a lithograph. Published in 1879 in Leipzig (Breitkopf & Härtel).

Chopin spent his summer vacation in 1826 at the spa resort of Bad Reinerz. He went on this spa trip due to his sister Emilia's deteriorating health. This piece was dedicated to his friend Wilhelm Kolberg on the day before his departure.

In June, after their school exams, Chopin and Kolberg went to the Grand Theatre in Warsaw to see Rossini's La gazza ladra (The Thieving Magpie). The melody of an aria from this opera is used in this Polonaise, serving as a device to recall their shared experience of attending the opera.

The structure is a compound ternary form, A (measures 1-32) - B (measures 33-60) - A (measures 1-32), with each section further divided into three parts. Overall, it is melancholic, imbued with a sentimental atmosphere. The middle section is based on the melody of an aria from La gazza ladra, and its beginning is marked with "またね！ Au revoir !" (See you again! Au revoir!). (Note: Measure numbers are based on the Ekier edition.)